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		<title>Gates, Epstein, JFK and Trump: Massive BOMBS Dropping</title>
		<link>https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2025/07/01/gates-epstein-jfk-and-trump-massive-bombs-dropping/</link>
					<comments>https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2025/07/01/gates-epstein-jfk-and-trump-massive-bombs-dropping/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Hope]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Jul 2025 20:00:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[ALTERNATIVE NEWS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bombs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dropping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[epstein]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gates]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[JFK]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Massive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[trump]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="167" src="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/gates-epstein-300x167.jpg" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="gates epstein" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><p>Frankie Stockes joins Stew to discuss the latest Gates-Epstein revelations and why Gates is suddenly on this fake Mea Culpa tour.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2025/07/01/gates-epstein-jfk-and-trump-massive-bombs-dropping/">Gates, Epstein, JFK and Trump: Massive BOMBS Dropping</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com">HopeGirl Blog</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="167" src="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/gates-epstein-300x167.jpg" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="gates epstein" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><p class="media-description media-description--first">Frankie Stockes joins Stew to discuss the latest Gates-Epstein revelations and why Gates is suddenly on this fake Mea Culpa tour.</p>
<p class="media-description media-description--more">Commentator and Veteran Rob Smith discusses Trump&#8217;s new Executive Orders banning Trans and DEI in the military and throughout the country!</p>
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<p class="slay-news-content">Source:  <a href="https://rumble.com/v6vcv07-gates-epstein-jfk-and-trump-massive-bombs-dropping.html?e9s=src_v1_ucp_a" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://rumble.com/v6vcv07-gates-epstein-jfk-and-trump-massive-bombs-dropping.html?e9s=src_v1_ucp_a</a></p>
<p>Bitchute: <a href="https://www.bitchute.com/channel/YBM3rvf5ydDM/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://www.bi,tchut,e.com/channel/YBM3rvf5ydDM/</a></p>
<p>Gab: <a href="https://gab.com/hopegirl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://gab.com/hopegirl</a></p>
<p>Telegram: <a href="https://t.me/Hopegirl587" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://t.me/Hopegirl587</a></p>
<p>EMF Protection Products: <a href="http://www.ftwproject.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.ftwproject.com</a></p>
<p>QEG Clean Energy Academy: <a href="http://www.cleanenergyacademy.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.cleanenergyacademy.com</a></p>
<p>Forbidden Tech Book: <a href="http://www.forbiddentech.website" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.forbiddentech.website</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2025/07/01/gates-epstein-jfk-and-trump-massive-bombs-dropping/">Gates, Epstein, JFK and Trump: Massive BOMBS Dropping</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com">HopeGirl Blog</a>.</p>
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">18204</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>‘COVID Was A Lie, An Illusion Created by Government to Take Complete Control’ &#038; ‘The Penny Is Dropping Everywhere!’</title>
		<link>https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2024/04/02/covid-was-a-lie-an-illusion-created-by-government-to-take-complete-control-the-penny-is-dropping-everywhere/</link>
					<comments>https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2024/04/02/covid-was-a-lie-an-illusion-created-by-government-to-take-complete-control-the-penny-is-dropping-everywhere/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Hope]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2024 17:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[ALTERNATIVE NEWS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[COMPLETE]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[control]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[covid]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[created]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dropping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Everywhere!]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[government]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[illusion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[LIE]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Penny]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.hopegirlblog.com/?p=13806</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="171" src="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/covid-lie-weapon-300x171.jpg" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="covid lie weapon" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><p>“We have lived through a dark time” said Professor Dr. Stefan Homburg in a speech delivered last year and was reported in the Exposé soon after. However, the video of the speech has had a new lease of life on the X platform and is said to have gone viral. Dr David Cartland shared the video and wrote in his Tweet:</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2024/04/02/covid-was-a-lie-an-illusion-created-by-government-to-take-complete-control-the-penny-is-dropping-everywhere/">‘COVID Was A Lie, An Illusion Created by Government to Take Complete Control’ &#038; ‘The Penny Is Dropping Everywhere!’</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com">HopeGirl Blog</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="171" src="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/covid-lie-weapon-300x171.jpg" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="covid lie weapon" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><p>“We have lived through a dark time” said Professor Dr. Stefan Homburg in a speech delivered last year and was reported in <a href="https://expose-news.com/2023/12/12/professor-schools-german-bundestag-on-covid/">the Exposé</a> soon after. However, the video of the speech has had a new lease of life on the X platform and is said to have gone viral. Dr David Cartland shared the video and wrote in his Tweet:</p>
<p>“<em><strong>Penny is dropping everywhere! I wouldn’t want to be a covid cultist/jabaholic doctor/nurse or one that knows deep down what’s happened and the collateral harms/injuries/deaths but is remaining silent to calling out the biggest medical fraud/crime ever committed on humanity! Justice is coming…..the house of cards is collapsing</strong></em>!”</p>
<p>The speech was from the 2nd Coronavirus Symposium was held in the German Bundestag, which Dr Homburg attended on 11th November 2023 along with several prominent voices against unscientific measures and the harmful vaccination campaign.</p>
<p>Among others, Dr. Michael Yeadon, Prof. Dr. Sucharit Bhakdi, Prof. Dr. Stefan Hockerz, Prof. Dr. Andreas Sönnichsen and many other important critical voices who have spoken out during the coronavirus era.</p>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading">“Aufarbeitung”</h3>
<p>Prof. Dr. S. Homburg’s speech, published on his website, provides a fact-based overview of the coronavirus era and although a translation of the speech has been published below, the word “Aufarbeitung” is a German word that according to <a href="https://tkp.at/autoren/peter-f-mayer/">Dr. Peter F Mayer</a> is not easy to translate into English. He has however, provided what he says is best possible translation which he says is probably</p>
<p>“<em><strong>To deal with, to come to terms with the past</strong></em>”.</p>
<p>Dr Mayer has provided more of his thoughts on the word Aufarbeitung which readers may also find interesting. He continues:</p>
<p>“<em>The main question of Aufarbeitung in a historical context is how Germans deal with their fascist past. This question has been addressed by the philosophers Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer, among others, and their critical theory has had a profound influence on German post-war history</em>.</p>
<p>Here is one of Adorno’s important thoughts:</p>
<p><strong>“The past will only be dealt with when the causes of what has happened have been removed. It is only because these causes still exist that the ties of that past have not yet been severed.”</strong></p>
<p>Benito Mussolini said bluntly about this thought of Th. W. Adorno: “Fascism is more appropriately called corporatism, because it is the fusion of the power of the State and the power of the corporations.”</p>
<p>If you want to look more closely at this subject, take the <a href="https://ibmandtheholocaust.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">story of IBM</a> as an example. If it had not been for this American company, Auschwitz would not have been possible on this scale. Of course, this does not mean that the German responsibility can be brushed aside. (<a href="https://tkp.at/2023/11/13/prof-dr-stefan-homburg-beim-2-corona-symposium-im-deutschen-bundestag/">Source</a>)</p>
<p>One of the conditions for Aufarbeitung – overcoming – is that we can talk about the past without prejudice and accept it. This dialogue between our friends and acquaintances is a task for each of us. It is the only way to heal wounds and to preserve relationships. (Such a clarification of the past has not happened in Germany, or has only partially happened. For example, personal traumatic war experiences were not discussed. The consequences are still felt today.) <a href="https://tkp.at/2023/11/13/prof-dr-stefan-homburg-beim-2-corona-symposium-im-deutschen-bundestag/">(source</a>)</p>
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="wp-image-12445" src="https://i0.wp.com/sapereaude.lt/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/6271df2d8f719.png?w=639&amp;ssl=1" alt="" width="639" height="376" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Hannah Arendt by Fred Stein, 1944 (Photograph courtesy of the Fred Stein Archive)</figcaption></figure>
<p>Hannah Arendt, in her <a href="https://hac.bard.edu/amor-mundi/forgiveness-2013-03-25" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Vita activa</a>, or <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Human_Condition" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Human Condition</a></em>, stresses the crucial role of forgiveness and promise:</p>
<p>“The possible redemption from the predicament of irreversibility──of being unable to undo what one has done──is the faculty of forgiving. The remedy for unpredictability, for the chaotic uncertainty of the future, is contained in the faculty to make and keep promises. Both faculties depend upon plurality, on the presence and acting of others, for no man can forgive himself and no one can be bound by a promise made only to himself.” (<a href="https://tkp.at/2023/11/13/prof-dr-stefan-homburg-beim-2-corona-symposium-im-deutschen-bundestag/">source</a>)</p>
<p><a href="https://cenlib.tau.ac.il/sites/cenlib.tau.ac.il/files/media_server/Wiener/forgiveness_arendt.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">And</a>:</p>
<p>“Without being forgiven, released from the consequences of what we have done, our capacity to act would, as it were, be confined to one single deed from which we could never recover; we would remain the victims of its consequences forever, not unlike the sorcerer’s apprentice who lacked the magic formula to break the spell.</p>
<p>Without being bound to the fulfillment of promises, we would never be able to keep our identities; we would be condemned to wander helplessly and without direction in the darkness of each man’s lonely heart, caught in its contradictions and equivocalities — a darkness which only the light shed over the public realm through the presence of others, who confirm the identity between the one who promises and the one who fulfills, can dispel. Both faculties, therefore, depend on plurality, on the presence and acting of others, for no one can forgive himself and no one can feel bound by a promise made only to himself; forgiving and promising enacted in solitude or isolation remain without reality and can signify no more than a role played before one’s self.” (<a href="https://tkp.at/2023/11/13/prof-dr-stefan-homburg-beim-2-corona-symposium-im-deutschen-bundestag/">source</a>).</p>
<p>Dr David Cartland shared the video in a Tweet on the X platform.</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<p dir="ltr" lang="en">Penny is dropping everywhere! I wouldn’t want to be a covid cultist/jabaholic doctor/nurse or one that knows deep down what’s happened and the collateral harms/injuries/deaths but is remaining silent to calling out the biggest medical fraud/crime ever committed on humanity!… <a href="https://t.co/tIFNIU25Q7">pic.twitter.com/tIFNIU25Q7</a></p>
<p>— Dr David Cartland (@CartlandDavid) <a href="https://twitter.com/CartlandDavid/status/1774708861452071418?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">April 1, 2024</a></p></blockquote>
<p><script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p>
<p>The transcript of the video has been translated was originally published by Dr Peter Mayer in <a href="https://tkp.at/2023/11/13/prof-dr-stefan-homburg-beim-2-corona-symposium-im-deutschen-bundestag/">TKM</a> <em>The blog for science &amp; politics</em> and has been republished below:</p>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Dr Stefan Homburg’s Speech Translated.</h3>
<p>The speech by Prof. Dr. Stefan Homburg (translated with deepl.com)</p>
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-319727" src="https://i0.wp.com/expose-news.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-5.png?resize=450%2C300&amp;ssl=1" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/expose-news.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-5.png?w=450&amp;ssl=1 450w, https://i0.wp.com/expose-news.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-5.png?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w" alt="" width="321" height="214" data-attachment-id="319727" data-permalink="https://expose-news.com/2024/04/02/covid-was-a-lie-an-illusion-created-by-government-to-take-complete-control-the-penny-is-dropping-everywhere/image-5-43/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/expose-news.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-5.png?fit=450%2C300&amp;ssl=1" data-orig-size="450,300" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="image-5" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/expose-news.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-5.png?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/expose-news.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-5.png?fit=450%2C300&amp;ssl=1" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><a href="https://www.stefan-homburg.de/vita.html">https://www.stefan-homburg.de/vita.html</a></figcaption></figure>
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" />
<h3 id="h-we-have-lived-through-a-dark-time" class="wp-block-heading">“We have Lived Through a Dark Time”</h3>
<p>Ladies and gentlemen, we have lived through a dark time. Let us start with the essentials – five essential points.</p>
<p><strong>Firstly</strong>, by 2020, hospital occupancy rates across Germany have fallen to record lows. That is according to the Federal Ministry of Health.</p>
<p><strong>Second</strong>, in 2020 and 2021, there were no more serious respiratory illnesses than usual. The corona has come, the flu has disappeared (according to the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) Sentinel).</p>
<p><strong>Thirdly</strong>, no more people died in 2020 than usual, standardised by age. Mortality rates have only been rising since 2021 (based on data from the Federal Statistical Office).</p>
<p><strong>Fourth</strong>, the average age of people who had coronavirus or died from it was 83 years old, while the average age of the other deceased was 82 years old (according to the RKI and the Federal Statistical Office).</p>
<p><strong>Fifth</strong>, Sweden, which did not introduce confinement measures and did not require the wearing of masks, had better results than Germany, according to WHO. So it’s not all down to the measures.</p>
<p><strong>To summarise: from a clinical point of view, in terms of actual illnesses and deaths, nothing special happened. </strong>Everything was normal. These are the facts, and that is the key point. The idea of a pandemic was based solely on a new type of mass, uncaused test, the results of which fluctuated wildly and led people to believe that there were more sicknesses and deaths than normal. This is not true. PCR testing for rhinoviruses may have created similar illusions. It would be possible to continue to create these illusions if the will was there.</p>
<p>How have politicians reacted to a normal clinical situation? They closed kindergartens, schools, shops, churches and businesses for months, isolated the elderly and left them to die alone, destroying their existence. The police banned people from reading books on park benches, harassed young people who went outside and children playing in the snow, and repressed peaceful demonstrators.</p>
<p>Politicians marginalised anyone who had doubts about the meaning of these measures. They told the state-run TV channel ZDF to announce that children are rats carrying viruses and that unvaccinated people are appendages, useless to the body of the nation. We have not heard such talk for 75 years.</p>
<p>Normally, the power of government is limited by the courts, the media and science. This time, they have all failed.</p>
<p><strong>The courts</strong> hardly examined at all whether such measures were adequate, and only relied on two witnesses under the authority of the Minister for Health, the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) and the Paul Erlich Institute (PEI).</p>
<p>This gave the government the opportunity to approve the lockdown measures and the vaccination obligation itself. In addition, the courts sent doctors to prisons who, in an ethical manner, used certificates to protect patients from interference with their bodily integrity.</p>
<p>Almost everyone known to criticise such measures has been criminalised, suspended, dismissed, arrested or had their home searched. The Federal Court of Justice in Karlsruhe cynically declared that the fundamental rights of citizens had not been violated, but that they could no longer be exercised.</p>
<p><strong>The media</strong> continuously published the test figures without mentioning that the clinical situation was normal. It presented the narrative of the PCR without critical scrutiny: Professor Püschel, who was the first to carry out the autopsies, as a racist, Professor Bhakdi as an anti-Semite, and all those who questioned the measures as conspiracy theorists and enemies of the state.</p>
<p><strong>Scientists</strong> in the field, especially epidemiologists and public health doctors, disappeared from view. They were replaced by physicists, transport planners, microbiologists and military experts, who kept the public in suspense with new and erroneous predictions and calculations. For months. Years.<br />
Unsplash.com photo</p>
<p><strong>The interpretation of these events (Aufarbeitung) should address three questions.</strong></p>
<p><strong>First</strong>, according to the textbook, at the beginning of a truly dangerous pandemic, the government should reassure the population so that they do not suffer collateral damage. Instead, why did they decide to draw up the so-called Schockpapier, a shocking document which, for example, was used to scare children into suffocating their grandparents? Why was there no doctor on the Shock Document Commission, but a sociologist and a German language teacher? Why did the politicians instigate this scare for years and now claim to have made only a few mistakes at the outset, and that only out of ignorance?</p>
<p><strong>Secondly</strong>, in February 2020, the textbooks and the WHO guidelines advised against measures such as lockdowns or school closures. At that time, the RKI announced that wearing masks is ineffective and corona is usually easy. <a href="https://expose-news.com/2023/03/16/emails-blow-the-covid-pcr-test-scam-out-of-the-water/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mr Drosten</a> emphasised this in all interviews and at the federal press conference. (Note: German virologist Christian Drosten has been instrumental in spreading the coronavirus narrative around the world and is responsible for the PCR tests.)</p>
<p>The same Mr Drosten told the current Federal Chancellor, Olaf Scholz, on a talk show that if it were not for the PCR tests, the pandemic would not even have been noticed. What led to the decision to do something different in March 2020, even though the data already showed that there was no particular risk?</p>
<p>Given that Sweden, which did not have the obligation to wear masks and lockdowns, clearly performed better than Germany, we must also ask whether these measures were really aimed at preventing infections, which they clearly failed to do, or whether they were rather aimed at breaking down people’s resistance to vaccination?</p>
<p><strong>Thirdly</strong>, why did politicians not only allow the administration of an experimental vaccine, but actually force people to use it by imposing 2G/3G rules (2G rule – vaccinated or recovered; 3G rule – vaccinated, recovered or tested) and a compulsory vaccination in certain areas? Why were vaccines authorised on an emergency basis when there was no need? Why were the statistics not published showing that many of the effects caused by vaccines pass without any consequences?</p>
<p>Bestsellers are now appearing with titles that clearly reflect the widespread sentiment: Thomas Lausen’s Intensiv-Mafia, Dr Frank’s Crime of State, or Dr Röhrig’s The Corona Plot. All books were published in large five-figure print runs.</p>
<p>Politicians who refuse to participate in this discourse lose credibility and distance themselves from the electorate. Because of the enormous scale on which the population has been affected, it would have been right to set up a committee of inquiry. Since the Bundestag did not want to do this, I am grateful that today we can contribute in this way to the clarification.<br />
Photo by Irmantas Gelūnas / BNS Photo</p>
<p>Source supplement</p>
<p>1) All-time low hospital occupancy rate in 2020 During the period under review in 2020, since the launch of COVID-19 in mid-March, Germany has seen a steady decline in hospital admissions, namely by around 30% until the end of May, and then – including the second wave – by 10% thereafter. Over the whole year, these declining figures amount to a 13% decline, As the average length of stay in hospital increased only marginally, the number of days spent in hospital also decreased by 12%. As a result, bed occupancy rates fell to a record low of 67.3% (and 68.6% in intensive care units).</p>
<p>This already takes into account the care of COVID-19 patients, whose inpatient care required on average 2% of all beds and just under 4% of intensive care beds per year, taking into account the over-treatment of long-staying patients, of course, bearing in mind time and geographical peaks.</p>
<p>Federal Ministry of Health, BMG, <a href="https://bitly.ws/32cQN" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">reference, page 4</a>.</p>
<p>2) Few serious respiratory diseases. Peaks in March 2018 and at the end of 2022, i.e. before and after the alleged pandemic. No noticeable changes in the intervening years. Changes in cold viruses (influenza, rhinovirus, RSV, coronavirus), with little change in the clinical situation. <a href="https://bitly.ws/32cSF" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Reference</a> (RKI).</p>
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-12446" src="https://i0.wp.com/sapereaude.lt/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/image-6-1024x618.webp?resize=639%2C386&amp;ssl=1" alt="" width="639" height="386" /></figure>
<p>3) Age-standardised mortality rates. In 2020, the rates were between 2018 and 2019. Since the start of vaccination in 2021, there has been a significant increase in deaths. Reference (Destatis): <a href="https://bitly.ws/32cXx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a> and <a href="https://bitly.ws/32cXL" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>. In the latter link, select table 12411-0005.</p>
<figure class="wp-block-image"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-12447" src="https://i0.wp.com/sapereaude.lt/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/image-7-1024x547.webp?resize=639%2C341&amp;ssl=1" alt="" width="639" height="341" /></figure>
<p>4) High median age of “corona deaths”. On average, the average age of those who died in the PRR was 83 years, while the average age of the other deaths was 82 years. This indicates that the majority of deaths from coronavirus or coronavirus-related illnesses were among the very old with co-morbidities. However, young people, even children, were frightened.</p>
<p>References (Robert Koch Institute, RKI, and Federal Population Research Institute, BIB): <a href="https://bitly.ws/32cTy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a> and <a href="https://bitly.ws/32cTK" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>.</p>
<p>5) Comparison of Germany with Sweden. According to the WHO, Sweden had a lower overall mortality rate than Germany. It was the only European country that followed the textbooks and guidelines and abandoned closures and compulsory wearing of masks. <a href="https://bitly.ws/32cU3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">WDR explanation</a> in German. <a href="https://bitly.ws/32sSY" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Link WHO</a>.</p>
<p>An interesting comparison with Sweden: despite rising infection rates, almost no restrictions have been introduced in this country. Masks were not compulsory, events went on as usual and schools remained open. There were no bans, only recommendations. In the long term, the number of deaths in Sweden rose rapidly. However, according to the WHO, the country’s overall situation today looks good. Reference (<a href="https://bitly.ws/32cU3" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">WDR</a>).</p>
<p class="has-text-align-center">————————————————-</p>
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" />
<p>Source: <a href="https://tkp.at/autoren/peter-f-mayer/">Dr. Peter F Mayer</a> @ <a href="https://tkp.at/2023/11/13/prof-dr-stefan-homburg-beim-2-corona-symposium-im-deutschen-bundestag/">TKP</a></p>
<p>This text appeared on 11 November 2023 under the title “Vortrag Prof. Dr. Stefan Homburg im Deutschen Bundestag” on the website <a href="https://www.stefan-homburg.de/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">stefan-homburg.de</a>. Translated with the help of <a href="https://www.deepl.com/de/translator" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">www.DeepL.com/Translator</a>. Without corrections.</p>
<p>Source:  <a href="https://expose-news.com/2024/04/02/covid-was-a-lie-an-illusion-created-by-government-to-take-complete-control-the-penny-is-dropping-everywhere/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://expose-news.com/2024/04/02/covid-was-a-lie-an-illusion-created-by-government-to-take-complete-control-the-penny-is-dropping-everywhere/</a></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Bitchute: <a href="https://www.bitchute.com/channel/YBM3rvf5ydDM/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://www.bitchute.com/channel/YBM3rvf5ydDM/</a></p>
<p>Gab: <a href="https://gab.com/hopegirl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://gab.com/hopegirl</a></p>
<p>Telegram: <a href="https://t.me/Hopegirl587" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://t.me/Hopegirl587</a></p>
<p>EMF Protection Products: <a href="http://www.ftwproject.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.ftwproject.com</a></p>
<p>QEG Clean Energy Academy: <a href="http://www.cleanenergyacademy.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.cleanenergyacademy.com</a></p>
<p>Forbidden Tech Book: <a href="http://www.forbiddentech.website" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.forbiddentech.website</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2024/04/02/covid-was-a-lie-an-illusion-created-by-government-to-take-complete-control-the-penny-is-dropping-everywhere/">‘COVID Was A Lie, An Illusion Created by Government to Take Complete Control’ &#038; ‘The Penny Is Dropping Everywhere!’</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com">HopeGirl Blog</a>.</p>
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		<title>Sperm counts are decreasing at an accelerated pace worldwide</title>
		<link>https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2022/11/17/sperm-counts-are-decreasing-at-an-accelerated-pace-worldwide/</link>
					<comments>https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2022/11/17/sperm-counts-are-decreasing-at-an-accelerated-pace-worldwide/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Hope]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Nov 2022 15:00:52 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[ALTERNATIVE NEWS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dropping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[infertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sperm counts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vaccines]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.hopegirlblog.com/?p=10175</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="162" src="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Sperm-counts-are-decreasing-at-an-accelerated-pace-worldwide-300x162.png" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="Sperm counts are decreasing at an accelerated pace worldwide" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><p>Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of samples collected globally in the 20th and 21st centuries</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2022/11/17/sperm-counts-are-decreasing-at-an-accelerated-pace-worldwide/">Sperm counts are decreasing at an accelerated pace worldwide</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com">HopeGirl Blog</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<img width="300" height="162" src="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Sperm-counts-are-decreasing-at-an-accelerated-pace-worldwide-300x162.png" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="Sperm counts are decreasing at an accelerated pace worldwide" style="display: block; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 5px;max-width: 100%;" link_thumbnail="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><p><strong>Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of samples collected globally in the 20th and 21st centuries</strong></p>
<h2 id="381093044" class="abstract-title js-splitscreen-abstract-title">Abstract</h2>
<section class="abstract">
<div class=" sec">
<div class="title">BACKGROUND</div>
<p class="chapter-para">Numerous studies have reported declines in semen quality and other markers of male reproductive health. Our previous meta-analysis reported a significant decrease in sperm concentration (SC) and total sperm count (TSC) among men from North America–Europe–Australia (NEA) based on studies published during 1981–2013. At that time, there were too few studies with data from South/Central America–Asia–Africa (SAA) to reliably estimate trends among men from these continents.</p>
</div>
<div class=" sec">
<div class="title">OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE</div>
<p class="chapter-para">The aim of this study was to examine trends in sperm count among men from all continents. The broader implications of a global decline in sperm count, the knowledge gaps left unfilled by our prior analysis and the controversies surrounding this issue warranted an up-to-date meta-analysis.</p>
</div>
<div class=" sec">
<div class="title">SEARCH METHODS</div>
<p class="chapter-para">We searched PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE to identify studies of human SC and TSC published during 2014–2019. After review of 2936 abstracts and 868 full articles, 44 estimates of SC and TSC from 38 studies met the protocol criteria. Data were extracted on semen parameters (SC, TSC, semen volume), collection year and covariates. Combining these new data with data from our previous meta-analysis, the current meta-analysis includes results from 223 studies, yielding 288 estimates based on semen samples collected 1973–2018. Slopes of SC and TSC were estimated as functions of sample collection year using simple linear regression as well as weighted meta-regression. The latter models were adjusted for predetermined covariates and examined for modification by fertility status (unselected by fertility versus fertile), and by two groups of continents: NEA and SAA. These analyses were repeated for data collected post-2000. Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine assumptions, including linearity.</p>
</div>
<div class=" sec">
<div class="title">OUTCOMES</div>
<p class="chapter-para">Overall, SC declined appreciably between 1973 and 2018 (slope in the simple linear model: –0.87 million/ml/year, 95% CI: –0.89 to –0.86; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). In an adjusted meta-regression model, which included two interaction terms [time × fertility group (<em>P</em> = 0.012) and time × continents (<em>P</em> = 0.058)], declines were seen among unselected men from NEA (–1.27; –1.78 to –0.77; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and unselected men from SAA (–0.65; –1.29 to –0.01; <em>P</em> = 0.045) and fertile men from NEA (–0.50; –1.00 to –0.01; <em>P</em> = 0.046). Among unselected men from all continents, the mean SC declined by 51.6% between 1973 and 2018 (–1.17: –1.66 to –0.68; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The slope for SC among unselected men was steeper in a model restricted to post-2000 data (–1.73: –3.23 to –0.24; <em>P</em> = 0.024) and the percent decline per year doubled, increasing from 1.16% post-1972 to 2.64% post-2000. Results were similar for TSC, with a 62.3% overall decline among unselected men (–4.70 million/year; –6.56 to –2.83; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) in the adjusted meta-regression model. All results changed only minimally in multiple sensitivity analyses.</p>
</div>
<div class=" sec">
<div class="title">WIDER IMPLICATIONS</div>
<p class="chapter-para">This analysis is the first to report a decline in sperm count among unselected men from South/Central America–Asia–Africa, in contrast to our previous meta-analysis that was underpowered to examine those continents. Furthermore, data suggest that this world-wide decline is continuing in the 21st century at an accelerated pace. Research on the causes of this continuing decline and actions to prevent further disruption of male reproductive health are urgently needed.</p>
</div>
</section>
<div id="381093045"></div>
<section class="abstract abstractBorder graphicalAbstract">
<div class="
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<div class="fig fig-section" data-id="dmac035-ga1" data-content-id="dmac035-ga1">
<div class="label fig-label">Graphical Abstract</div>
<div class="graphic-wrap"><img decoding="async" class="content-image" src="https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/humupd/PAP/10.1093_humupd_dmac035/3/m_dmac035f5.jpeg?Expires=1671626085&amp;Signature=XWj06Ls8weTCKlpvvktS4c2DYVpiMzgdjWqTcsI3vVOgisI9FXdrkk61oNo-ORtaL3ZVk450lb5-8DGaAt0iFVxL3P47jIn5csmIQsH4TsQsQWGdOu2qb-uayEQ-sk2hKd2X4U6eyHQHzTKlN8B0HPVDDmgqCgRqiZ9ri45adYimtZ5AoA4KAowCT~4dqOHGN2j01c27bwj4mIwQr89zepVpDBeCiZVaMBGkHvntjqSrTnUHLveV0873hjVSL33UQPRMg-6dHUPoPYTuv90V582f~6zY2OM168XEAn3FVT0XtVuRJ2mD~fI0GvXp5XM9qkOaavlY0o0o0SnI6mn-qA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA" alt="Sperm count is declining at an accelerated pace globally. " data-path-from-xml="dmac035f5.tif" /></p>
<div class="fig-orig original-slide"><a class="fig-view-orig js-view-large openInAnotherWindow" href="https://academic.oup.com/view-large/figure/381093045/dmac035f5.tif" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-path-from-xml="dmac035f5.tif" data-google-interstitial="false">Open in new tab</a><a class="download-slide" href="https://academic.oup.com/DownloadFile/DownloadImage.aspx?image=https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/humupd/PAP/10.1093_humupd_dmac035/3/dmac035f5.jpeg?Expires=1671626085&amp;Signature=Dt76qAoy-0WEjh5YVXavudfWhaIjj6KXEZJMAC1Yyd3Odqb7-9iwioyBHv1QNXHeODLvErYVJcW1kUazCOhIhGAW~i0caioyY3kqk9CqbQ5CZtx7eu-DjxdrJ0QFGSV4E7xIXTlqrWCy-YJ9O1i-XcdYAZrJIwXIRIGi58T5zZKqXdPPf7z8lsvkkTKapvnk3aCfpMUt0uT6J89qsDFHKkPvW6ARakTcxgw66F5~fOTfojhPH75BSptb6NO6PVTmicBukMBh0OTTj32sjg5pWKLb8n3u2YWPGW2HMPToD5uFGRA5H0hKBXkM6DBEZ1XM-pTdr9ebB4caqvfi5diQyw__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA&amp;sec=381093045&amp;ar=6824414&amp;xsltPath=~/UI/app/XSLT&amp;imagename=&amp;siteId=5286" data-section="381093045" data-path-from-xml="dmac035f5.tif" data-google-interstitial="false">Download slide</a></div>
</div>
<div class="caption fig-caption">
<p class="chapter-para"><strong>Sperm count is declining at an accelerated pace globally.</strong></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="article-metadata-panel clearfix at-ArticleMetadata">
<div class="kwd-group"><a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="&quot;human reproduction&quot;" data-google-interstitial="false">human reproduction</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="&quot;male infertility&quot;" data-google-interstitial="false">male infertility</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="andrology" data-google-interstitial="false">andrology</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="&quot;semen quality&quot;" data-google-interstitial="false">semen quality</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="&quot;sperm count&quot;" data-google-interstitial="false">sperm count</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="&quot;semen analysis&quot;" data-google-interstitial="false">semen analysis</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="&quot;environmental effects&quot;" data-google-interstitial="false">environmental effects</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="epidemiology" data-google-interstitial="false">epidemiology</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="&quot;systematic review&quot;" data-google-interstitial="false">systematic review</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" data-keyword="meta-analysis" data-google-interstitial="false">meta-analysis</a></div>
<div class="article-metadata-tocSections">
<div class="article-metadata-tocSections-title">Issue Section:</div>
<p><a href="https://academic.oup.com/humupd/search-results?f_TocHeadingTitle=Review" data-google-interstitial="false">Review</a></div>
</div>
<h2 id="381093048" class="section-title js-splitscreen-section-title">Introduction</h2>
<p class="chapter-para">In 2017, ‘Temporal Trends in Sperm Count: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis’ was published by this journal (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B129" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B129" data-google-interstitial="false">Levine <em>et al.</em>, 2017</a>). That article, which was widely discussed and highly cited, includes all eligible English-language publications in 1981–2013 that contained data on sperm count. We reported a very strong decline in sperm concentration (SC) and total sperm count (TSC) in North America, Europe, Australia/New Zealand (hereafter NEA) but too few studies have been published in South/Central America, Asia and Africa (hereafter SAA) to draw a conclusion about trends in those continents. We examined mean SC and TSC as a function of collection year, as approximated by the mid-year of the sample collection period. Because sample collection preceded the year of publication by an average of 6 years, our results were already somewhat dated by the time we published our analysis in 2017. Therefore, we conducted a new literature search in the spring of 2020 to identify eligible studies published between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2019. Here, we report on global trends in SC and TSC in publications 1981 through 2019, which combines results of both searches and analyses. This expanded analysis addresses two important questions. With increased sample size, was a trend seen in South America, Africa and Asia? Did the trends we reported continue post-2011?</p>
<p class="chapter-para">Recognition of the importance of male reproductive function, and sperm count, has increased since 2017 (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B130" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B130" data-google-interstitial="false">Levine <em>et al.</em>, 2018</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B221" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B221" data-google-interstitial="false">United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, 2019</a>). The economic and societal burden of male infertility is now widely recognized, as is the unequal burden of male infertility which falls most heavily on low-income populations (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B238" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B238" data-google-interstitial="false">Winters and Walsh, 2014</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B85" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B85" data-google-interstitial="false">Hauser <em>et al.</em>, 2015</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B48" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B48" data-google-interstitial="false">Dupree, 2016</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B203" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B203" data-google-interstitial="false">Skakkebaek <em>et al.</em>, 2016</a>). Increasingly strong evidence links reduced sperm count and concentration to increases in all-cause mortality and morbidity (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B123" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B123" data-google-interstitial="false">Latif <em>et al.</em>, 2017</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B44" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B44" data-google-interstitial="false">Del Giudice <em>et al.</em>, 2021</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B57" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B57" data-google-interstitial="false">Ferlin <em>et al.</em>, 2021</a>). Links between sperm count and infertility are well-recognized (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B28" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B28" data-google-interstitial="false">Bonde <em>et al.</em>, 1998</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B202" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B202" data-google-interstitial="false">Skakkebæk <em>et al.</em>, 2022</a>). Furthermore, the decline in sperm count is paralleled by declines in testosterone and increases in testicular cancer and male genital anomalies (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B202" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B202" data-google-interstitial="false">Skakkebæk <em>et al.</em>, 2022</a>). In fact, the decline in semen quality and male reproductive health has recently been described as a crisis (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B43" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B43" data-google-interstitial="false">De Jonge and Barratt, 2019</a>). Relative to declines in sperm counts, these latter trends are far more difficult to document. There is currently no systematic collection of such data, making the examination of those trends difficult. Therefore, an international group of scientists, including several of the authors, has suggested the formation of a multidisciplinary monitoring system for reproductive health indicators that would provide ongoing surveillance of reproductive health outcomes (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B125" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B125" data-google-interstitial="false">Le Moal <em>et al.</em>, 2016</a>).</p>
<p class="chapter-para">The broad implications of a global decline in sperm count, the data gaps left unfilled by our prior analysis and the controversies surrounding these issues warrant an up-to-date meta-analysis. This meta-analysis was conducted to address these aims.</p>
<h2 id="381093052" class="section-title js-splitscreen-section-title">Methods</h2>
<p class="chapter-para">This systematic review and meta-regression analysis was conducted, and the results reported, in accordance with Meta-analysis in Observational Studies in Epidemiology (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B207" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B207" data-google-interstitial="false">Stroup <em>et al.</em>, 2000</a>) (<span class="content-section supplementary-material"><a href="https://oup.silverchair-cdn.com/oup/backfile/Content_public/Journal/humupd/PAP/10.1093_humupd_dmac035/3/dmac035_supplementary_data.docx?Expires=1671626085&amp;Signature=nP~SrV4GF5t9igvYP6VfrXvF~W3n~FEqcG-sxFuUBCpyWZfdyMqXeZj0KUSAnqmvLuFFZz3j3B5P7-ptOGkf~hrajx7fh5C5llpPvY7cGZpPSbyB3~-66QFZEXwDLAGN1LUO6lyq0rS8JromXUNFDC-CTLc9zBS~HQuYziHR-3vR6HcPkHZOaaFvNzd5~j3U28xF5JJzWqZJO550HlcFppDDZNy~EtkdPK~AKm1m9EMLeY~UcJe~~oB2gRqmvdUujoYhMXgamatbiQb97ugJJsSCB8KQgLXl2jPAX9ZE2zWuX89n82iuV~UD9zZIZLGTnsrmWHA3AyBPckUTy3DqCA__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA" data-google-interstitial="false">Supplementary Table SI</a></span>) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B133" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B133" data-google-interstitial="false">Liberati <em>et al.</em>, 2009</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B152" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B152" data-google-interstitial="false">Moher <em>et al.</em>, 2009</a>). Our research team included epidemiologists, andrologists and a medical librarian. Our predefined protocol was developed following best practices (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B29" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B29" data-google-interstitial="false">Borenstein <em>et al.</em>, 2009</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B87" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B87" data-google-interstitial="false">Higgins and Green 2011</a>; <span id="jumplink-dmac035-B158" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B158" data-google-interstitial="false">National Toxicology Program 2015</a>) and informed by our previous study. Throughout, unless otherwise noted, the methods of the current study are those employed and published in the previous study (<span id="jumplink-dmac035-B129" class="xrefLink"></span><a class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr" data-open="dmac035-B129" data-google-interstitial="false">Levine <em>et al.</em>, 2017</a>), including keywords and databases searched, eligibility criteria and statistical methods.</p>
<h3 id="381093054" class="section-title js-splitscreen-section-title">Systematic review and study selection</h3>
<p class="chapter-para">A comprehensive search of the PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted, to identify English-language publications that reported primary data on human sperm count, published in 2014–2019, i.e. from the last date included in our prior search through 2019. On 15 May 2020, we searched MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase (Excerpta Medica database) for peer-reviewed publications meeting our inclusion criteria. Following the recommendation of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews, we searched in title and abstract for both index (MeSH) terms and keywords and filtered out animal-only studies. We used the MeSH term ‘sperm count’, which includes seven additional terms, and to increase sensitivity, we added 13 related keywords (e.g. ‘sperm density’, ‘sperm concentration’).</p>
<p class="chapter-para">All English-language studies that reported primary data on human SC were considered eligible for abstract screening. We evaluated the eligibility of all subgroups within a study. For example, in a case–control study, the control group might have been eligible for inclusion even though, based on our exclusion criteria, the case group was not.</p>
<p class="chapter-para">We divided eligible studies into two fertility-defined groups: (i) studies of men unselected by fertility status, hereafter ‘Unselected’ (e.g. young men unlikely to be aware of their fertility, such as young men being screened for military service or college students) and (ii) studies of men whose partners had born a child or whose partners were pregnant regardless of pregnancy outcome, hereafter ‘Fertile’. ‘Total’ refers to both groups.</p>
<p class="chapter-para">A study was excluded if participants were selected based on: (i) infertility or sub-fertility; (ii) their range of semen parameters (e.g. studies selecting normospermic men); and (iii) genital abnormalities, diseases or medications. We also excluded studies limited to men with exposures that may affect fertility, such as an occupational exposure, post-clinical trial intervention or smoking. Studies of candidates for vasectomy or semen donation were included only if semen quality was not a criterion for men’s study participation. We excluded studies that used non-standard methods for sperm collection (e.g. methods other than masturbation) or counting methods other than hemocytometer and studies with fewer than 10 men.</p>
<p class="chapter-para">First, the publication was either excluded or advanced to full-text screening based on the title and abstract. Any publication without an abstract was automatically referred for full-text screening. Second, we reviewed the full text and assigned it to exclusion (and categorized the reason for exclusion) or to data extraction. We then confirmed study eligibility and identified multiple publications from the same study to ensure that estimates from the same population were not used more than once.</p>
<h3 id="381093060" class="section-title js-splitscreen-section-title">Data extraction</h3>
<p class="chapter-para">For each estimate, we extracted summary statistics on SC and TSC (mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, median and percentiles), semen volume (mean and measured method), sample size, sample collection years, data on covariates (fertility group, country, age, ejaculation abstinence time reported and per protocol, method of semen collection, method of assessing of SC and semen volume, selection of population, study exclusion criteria and number of samples per man). The range of permissible values, both for categorical and numerical variables and information on data completeness were recorded. Data were extracted on the total population as well as on all eligible subgroups.</p>
<h3 id="381093062" class="section-title js-splitscreen-section-title">Quality control</h3>
<p class="chapter-para">The current study followed the same protocol as used in the previous study. For the new search, we used Covidence systematic review software for the process of screening the articles that were not available for our prior search. In addition, one member of the research team was replaced. Screening of this extensive systematic review was conducted by a team of eight reviewers (H.L., N.J., A.M.-A., J.M., D.W.-D., M.J., R.P., S.H.S.). As in our previous analysis, the screening protocol was piloted and reviewers were trained by screening of 50 abstracts by all reviewers followed by a comparison of results, resolution of any inconsistencies and clarification of the protocol as needed. The same quality control process was followed for full-text screening and data extraction by all reviewers. All data were entered into digital spreadsheets with explicit permissible values (no open-ended entries) to increase consistency. After data extraction, an additional round of data editing and quality control of all studies was conducted by H.L. and M.J. The process ensured that each study was evaluated by at least two different trained reviewers.</p>
<p>Source Link: <a href="https://academic.oup.com/humupd/advance-article/doi/10.1093/humupd/dmac035/6824414" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://academic.oup.com/humupd/advance-article/doi/10.1093/humupd/dmac035/6824414</a></p>
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<p>The post <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com/2022/11/17/sperm-counts-are-decreasing-at-an-accelerated-pace-worldwide/">Sperm counts are decreasing at an accelerated pace worldwide</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.hopegirlblog.com">HopeGirl Blog</a>.</p>
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